The paintings in St. George Church in Addis Ababa as a method of conveying information about history and power in 20th-century Ethiopia
Keywords:
Ethiopia, visual representation, St. George Church, Haile Sellasie I, Italo-Ethiopian WarAbstract
In one of the most important churches in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), there is a panel containing several paintings. They are exact copies of photographs showing Emperor Haile Sellasie I during the war against Italy (1935-1941). The paintings were copied from frequently published, and thus wellknown, photographs, which served imperial propaganda to show the Emperor’s role in fighting for Ethiopia’s independence. Using the paintings as source material, it is the aim of this article to discuss specific propagandistic methods applied in Ethiopia under Haile Sellasie to transmit a message about power and history, and to present the intended image of the Emperor to his subjects.
References
Bahru Zewde, 2002, Pioneers of Change in Ethiopia: Reformist Intellectuals of Early Twentieth Century, Addis Ababa: Addis Ababa University Press.
del Boca, A., 2012, Negus: The Life and Death of the Last King of Kings, Addis Ababa: Arada Books.
Budge, E.A.W., 1922, The Queen of Sheba and her only son Menyelek, London: Humphrey Milford.
Donham, D.; James W., 2002, Southern Marches of Imperial Ethiopia: Essays in History and Social Anthropology, Oxford: James Currey.
Elisabeth Wolde Giorgis, 2012, “The Beginnig of Ethiopian Modernism: A Brief Synopsis on the Inception of Ethiopian Visual Modernism (1957-1974)”, in: Elisabeth Wolde Giorgis (ed.), What is “Zemenawinet”? - Perspectives on Ethiopian Modernity, Addis Ababa: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.
--- 2010, Ethiopian Modernism: A Subaltern Perspective, Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University.
Friedlander, M.J., 2007, Ethiopia’s Hidden Treasures: A Guide to the Paintings of the Remote Churches of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa: Shama Books.
Haile Gabriel Dagne, 1987, “The Establishment of Churches in Addis Ababa”, in: Ahmed Zekaria, Bahru Zewde, Taddese Beyene (eds.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Centenary of Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa: Institute of Ethiopian Studies.
Haile Sellasie, 1973/74, Heywetienna Ityopya irmija, Addis Abeba: Birhaninna Selam; English translation by E. Ullendorff, 1976, The Autobiography of Emperor Haile Sellassie I, My Life and Ethiopia’s Progress, 1892-1937, vol. I, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kane, T.L., 1975, Ethiopian Literature in Amharic, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag.
Lindahl, B., 2010, “Telecommunications”, in: S. Uhlig (ed.) Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, vol. 4, Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz Verlag, 913-914.
Meseret Chekol Reta, 2013, The Quest for Press Freedom: One Hundred Years of History of the Media in Ethiopia, Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America.
Mockler, A., 2002, Haile Sellasie’s War, Oxford: Signal Books.
Northeast African Studies, 2013, Special Issue, 13, 1.
Orłowska, I., 2006, “Mining the Wisdom of Solomon: the coronation of Yohannes IV and the Re-invention of Tradition in Late 19th-century Ethiopia”, in: S. Uhlig (ed.), Proceedings of the XVth International Conference of Ethiopian Studies, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 313-320.
Pankhurst, R., “A History of Early Twentieth Century Ethiopia: The Liberation Campaign, The Mussolini’s Entry into the European War”, available at: http://www.linkethiopia.org [accessed on: 1 May 2014].
--- 1966, “Some Notes for a History of Ethiopian Secular Art”, Ethiopia Observer, 10, 1, 5-80.
Rubinkowska-Anioł H., Wołk-Sore E., 2015, “Etiopski intelektualista i jego dzieło – pomiędzy oraturą a literaturą [Ethiopian Intellectual and His Work – Between Orality and Literature]”, in: I. Kraska-Szlenk, B. Wójtowicz (eds.), Current Research in African Studies, Warsaw: Elipsa, 331-346.
--- 2014, “Etiopia między mową a pismem. Spór nie tylko intelektualny pomiędzy cesarzem i pisarzem o koncepcje państwa [Ethiopia Between Speech and Writing. A Not Solely Intellectual Dispute Between the Emperor and a Writer About the Concepts of the State]”, Afryka, 41, 31-51.
Selected speeches of His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie I 1918 to 1967, 1967, published by The Imperial Ethiopian Ministry of Information, Publications and Foreign Languages Press Dept., Addis Ababa: Artistic Printers.
Tarikinna sira (bachiru), 1946, Addis Abeba: Birhannina Selam.
Weinerth, J., 2014, “From Empire to Airport: On Antika-painting in Addis Ababa of the 1930s”, in: F. Girke (ed.), Ethiopian Images of Self and Other, Halle: Universitätsverlag Halle-Wittenberg, 51-82.
Welde Giyorgis We[lde Yohannis], 1946, Kibre negest, Addis Abeba.
Wondwosen Teshome, 2009, “Media and Multi-party Elections in Africa: The Case of Ethiopia”, International Journal of Human Sciences 6, 1, 84-112.
Visual materials:
“Ethiopie: Couronnement de la reine 11 février 1917” [Albert Kahn Archive in Boulogne/Billancourt, France]
Haile Sellassie’s Coronation, 1930, Movietones, available at www.youtube.com http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJl0i_yvxQM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlzfuiL2WIA [accessed on 25 July 2014]
British Pathé Chronicle from 1941 (“Haile Selassie enters Abyssinia”) available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oSeYEIb0lE0 [1 August 2014]
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 University of Warsaw Press

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The SALC is a BOAI-compliant open access journal. The journal content is freely available on the journal website. All journal content appears on the licence Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of the first publication, the work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Authors are required to sign and send copies of Article Publishing Agreement and Fields of Exploitation statement prior to article's publication.